‘Acknowledgement of a need for closer collaboration between neurologist and psychiatrists is needed.’ ¹

‘The underlying disease model has changed from a primarily psychological to a neurobiopsychosocial model’ ¹

‘The findings of lower activity in regions associated with motor preparation and greater activity in limbic  structures during motor preparation reveal a possible mechanism of abnormal emotional processing  interfering with normal motor planning.’¹

‘Recent fMRI study revealed greater activity in limbic structures (right amygdala, left anterior insula and  bilateral posterior cingulate area) and decreased activity in the left supplementary motor area (SMA)  during a motor preparation task in FMD [FND] patients compared to controls.’¹

‘Patients with psychogenic disorders in general, including those with FMD [FND], do not have the  expected rates of psychological trauma, either at the onset of physical symptoms or in the past.’ ²

‘There is a  common occurrence of physical triggering events such as Illness or Injury prior to onset.’ ²

‘FND is not commonly  found in children and in the elderly.’ ²

‘Most common symptoms are Tremors, dystonia, myoclonus, gait problems.’²

‘The mean age at onset in different studies ranges from 37 to 50 years.’²

‘Women are more often affected than men.’²